In mobile networks, time synchronization has always been important. Each new generation of mobile networks has increased the need for increased precision and accuracy in synchronization standards and solutions. Yet 5G is different. The requirements for 5G time synchronization are the most demanding to date and have increased the importance of time synchronization and the need for more accurate solutions. In 5G networks, synchronization and synchronization are much more complex and critical to ensure efficient and continuous operation of the network. The new synchronization requirements also require multiple synchronization sources to ensure safe and highly available operation. Supporting heterogeneous environments is also a strict requirement, so it`s important that operators use an open standards-based platform with proven interoperability in a diverse and complex RAN ecosystem. However, operators are now using PTP, which was developed on the optical layer. Transmitting PTP over the lambda or optical timing channel using limit clocks designed for use with CWDM DWDM (Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing) / Coarse Wavelength Division Multiplexing systems brought an extremely low of less than ±3 nsec (better than G.8272.3 Class D) and extremely high stability. With this implementation, a network at all points of service can be designed for PRTC-A (= ±100 nsec), which is also called “virtual PRTC”. vPRTC allows synchronization engineers to transmit TE ±100 nsec to the network edge, closer to the UD where the fronthaul begins.

Development of the 5G radio unit Mobile networks depend on synchronization between radios. Specifically, the time alignment error (TAE) between different frequencies at the edge of the transceiver network (TAB) determines the timing, transport technology, and components that neighboring radios need to connect to user devices (UEs) and operate without common channel interference. This applies to both frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD). NR will mainly work on the latter, which is a new mode of operation for most network operators. TDDs mean a redesign of the timing network to meet the 5G requirements of utilities. There has been a lot of excitement about network synchronization and why it is important for 5G networks. In fact, the concept of synchronization and synchronization is not new in the wireless world. Previous generations of networks (i.e. 2G, 3G, and 4G) all required some degree of synchronization and synchronization to enable proper transfer between macro base stations and user devices. However, unlike its predecessors, 5G imposes stricter performance requirements on wireless networks and prescribes nanosecond synchronization between different elements of the radio access network (RAN).

Network synchronization is the key to optimal wireless network performance. Although basic synchronization requirements do not change in the transition from 4G to 5G, the wider use of TDD radio technology and the growing demand for new network architectures that support demanding 5G use cases have made the need for 5G time synchronization more critical. Industrial automation is just one example of a use case that requires precise timing and is likely to generate additional synchronization requests in the near future. has been working with synchronization and synchronization distribution within the RAN base station and with the accuracy of aerial transmission for 20 years. He joined Ericsson in 2005 and has been a member of the ORAN 4 (Open Fronthaul) working group with standardization since Ericsson joined the ORAN Alliance in 2019. He holds a M.Sc. in Electrical Engineering from KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden. The flexiHaul M6424 platform is a synchronization transport and distribution solution based on Time Sensitive Networking (TSN). The M6424 platform is a cost-effective, scalable, high-capacity TSN switch capable of providing xHaul delivery, synchronization and synchronization services. It supports 5G eCPRI, 4G CPRI with Radio over Ethernet (RoE) encapsulation (IEEE 1914.3) and Ethernet up to 25 Gbps. The M6424 platform also supports TSN (IEEE 802.1cm) for fronthaul, including distribution of class “C” and “D” main clock over PTP.

With a grandmaster/master clock device powering the platform, the temporal distribution of multiple redundant sources to a large number of distributed sites occurs. From the EU`s point of view, “direction of transmission” means “uplink” and “direction of reception” means “downlink”. If we apply these terms to the synchronization process, we have two types of synchronization in cellular communications, including 5G/NR called “downlink synchronization” and “uplink synchronization”. The synchronization requirements associated with radio interface communication can be divided into two categories: TDD cellular phase synchronization (Tsync) and communication functions based on sending or receiving coordinated from multiple transmit reception points (TRxP). G.8271.1 was updated in March 2020 with new synchronization requirements for fronthaul networks. IEEE 802.1CMde is a recently released update to 802.1CM that meets these new requirements. Joined Ericsson in 1997 and currently works as a systems developer. He has been working on synchronization and synchronization in the field of RSR for 12 years, with a particular focus on packet-based methods (PTP and NTP).